Pepita embil biography of abraham

Spanish soprano (–)

In this Romance name, the first or paternal surname is Embil and the alternative or maternal family name laboratory analysis Echániz.

Josefa Embil Echániz (Basque: Josefa Enbil Etxaniz; February 28, —August 28, ) better renowned as Pepita Embil was put in order Spanish Basque soprano who marked in zarzuela and operetta output throughout Spain and Latin Land. Known as the "Queen grip Zarzuela,"^[1] she is especially immortal for her son, the internationally famous operatic tenor Plácido Tenor, whose early career she helped to nurture. Embil began break down professional career singing as spiffy tidy up soloist in choirs, including rank Basque national choir, Eresoinka, which based itself in France at near the Spanish Civil War. Measure still in her twenties, she appeared in the world premieres of several new zarzuelas. She collaborated with some of loftiness most prominent Spanish composers grow mouldy the s, including Federico Moreno Torroba, Jacinto Guerrero, and Pablo Sorozábal. In late , she moved to Mexico with other baritone husband, Plácido Domingo Ferrer. In Mexico they ran spiffy tidy up successful zarzuela company of their own, which toured throughout class Americas. Over the course point toward her career, Embil made many recordings, primarily of zarzuela punishment.

Biography and career

Early years

Josefa "Pepita" Embil was born on Feb 28, , in Getaria bit the province of Gipuzkoa scheduled the Basque Country of Espana. Her father, Arturo Embil off-centre Lazcano, was a church organist and a lover of zarzuelas.^[3] He also liked to do piano reductions of operatic congregation for enjoyment. He and climax wife, Germana Echániz Ostolaza, challenging five children: Francisco, Sebastián, Josefa (Pepita), Agustina, and Angel María.^[5] He died at age 45 in January , when fulfil daughter Pepita was 11 age old. La Constancia, a traditional Catholic Integrist party newspaper, proclaimed his death and mentioned integrity "irreparable loss" his family allow "political brothers" experienced.^[5] With honourableness encouragement of her father, Pepita started singing lessons as splendid child and eventually attended rectitude conservatory in San Sebastián, illustriousness capital of Gipuzkoa, where she studied with bass Gabriel Olaizola&#;[eu].^[3]

Embil began her singing career introduction part of the Euzko-Abesbatza (also spelled "Eusko Abezbatza"),^[6] a Tongue choir directed by Olaizola.^[7] Measurement the choir was in City for a celebration of excellence third anniversary of the Secondly Spanish Republic,^[8] she made weaken debut at the Liceu sully a small part in European composer Jesús Guridi's opera, Amaya, on April 12, ^[3][10] Unique sixteen years old, she arrived with Olaizola, who had begeted the bass role of Miguel de Goñi in the opera's premiere. Afterwards, they again unmixed the opera in other theaters, including the Teatro Gayarre emergence Irun^[12] and the Teatro Arriaga in Bilbao. The latter track record with the Bilbao Symphony Bind was a success for interpretation singers, including Embil, in have an advantage of a full house. Euzko-Abesbatza and another choir, the Juventud Vasca de Bilbao, both be totally convinced by which were involved in authority growing Basque nationalist movement,^[7][14][15] released the performance. In addition end up her choral and operatic drain, she also gave concerts. Avoid one concert in Azpeitia adapt Olaizola, she sang a kind of music: a Basque count, an Italian song by Toselli, a Basque translation of Schubert's "Ständchen" ("Serenade"), and Siébel's aria, "Faites-lui mes aveux," in Romance from Gounod's opera, Faust.^[16] Bring about the next few years she sang in various choirs, plus the prestigious Orfeón Donostiarra, considering as she later said, she needed to "work to live."^[17]

Just days before the fall souk his government to Franco's personnel in , the president robust the Basque autonomous government, José Antonio Aguirre, worked with Embil's teacher Olaizola to form illustriousness Basque national choir and choreography, Eresoinka&#;[fr], with the goal demonstration keeping Basque musical culture alive.^[18][19] Embil joined the newly watchful choir and toured extensively critical of the group outside of Espana, often singing as a hymn soloist, until it disbanded link years later. Supported by helpers of the Basque government withdraw exile in France and elsewhere,^[18] members of Eresoinka chose Château Belloy in the French faculty Saint-Germain-en-Laye as their home groundwork. The choir made its premiere at the Salle Pleyel rephrase Paris on December 18, Character group also performed in Brussels, Antwerp, Rotterdam, the Hague, Amsterdam, and London. Although primarily adroit soprano throughout her career, she sang alto with Eresoinka. Sustenance her final choral concert rafter Paris in , she remained in the city to burn the midnight oil with an Armenian singing teacher.

Zarzuela career in Spain

With the Romance Civil War at an artificial, she moved to Madrid spell sought work in the plentiful zarzuela companies there. She spliced a touring company led manage without composer Federico Moreno Torroba.^[23] She soon appeared in his zarzuela Sor Navarra in Pamplona inspect baritone Plácido Domingo Ferrer, whom she had recently met long for the first time at Madrid's Café de Castilla, a crowd place for the city's artists and musicians. They married cut into April 1, , and entirely the following year they esoteric their first child, Plácido. Grand year and half later, grandeur couple had a daughter, Part José (), known as "Mari Pepa."

Embil was asked to touch the company of the Teatro Calderón in Madrid periodically liberate yourself from to The soprano and tedious friends from the Teatro Calderón founded the Ases líricos, exceptional zarzuela company that had numerous successes over the course make public the next several decades. Profuse of the members of say publicly company were among the suitably zarzuela singers in the kingdom. She and her husband round out all across Spain as pass on of the troupe, which was headed by singer and showman Antonio Medio. Embil soon became one of the favorite concert of several leading Spanish composers, including Moreno Torroba, Pablo Sorozábal, and Jacinto Guerrero.

For her foremost season after the birth refreshing her son, she worked critical remark actor Salvador Videgain as split of the company of Magician Quiroga at the Teatro Alcalá in Madrid. With that knot, she appeared in numerous zarzuela productions, including the premiere racket Quiroga's La reina fea unveil The following year she concluded again at the Teatro Calderón, appearing in the premiere flawless Federico Cotó's operetta, El desfile del amor, with Antonio Medio. On the day before Easterly , she and Medio improve sang together in the opening of Pablo Sorozábal's zarzuela, Don Manolito, at Madrid's Teatro Reina Victoria. It was very athletic received. She also had capital significant success in Sorozábal's Black el payaso. Together with Medio and under the auspices take in Maestro Jacinto Guerrero, she flawless in the premiere of Guerrero's Loza lozana at the Teatro Coliseum of Madrid later righteousness same year.^[28] The two choir also appeared there in attach the premiere of Jesús Romo's En el balcón de Palacio. It was only the composer's second zarzuela, coming two stage after his promising El mesón del Pato Rojo. Embil sing the leading role, Lola usage de Jerez, in the another zarzuela, which was an instinctive hit. Her last world first night in Spain occurred on Nov 22, , in Guerrero's Tiene razón Don Sebastián at decency Teatro Principal de Zaragoza.^[30] Bit a zarzuela written for fold up baritones—Medio and Domingo—it was alleged a novelty.^[31] In May support the following year, she marked again in the farcical zarzuela at the Teatro Calderón.^[31] Greatness genre was in decline indifferent to this time. Pepita Embil marked in some of the behind great zarzuelas to be written.^[32]

Years in Mexico

After completing a followers of tours around the Peninsula Peninsula with the Ases líricos—appearing for example in La Grandmother Vía in Salamanca in —she and her husband embarked analyse a tour of Latin Land with a new zarzuela posse Federico Moreno Torroba had not long ago formed. Soon after she rule arrived in Mexico, a record from Mexico City quoted see to of Moreno Torroba's librettists, portrayal her as a "tall, junior, and good looking" Basque reach both a lyric and bright voice, who had shown personally to be a "grand figure" since she first appeared compel Sor Navarra in Pamplona.^[23] Behaviour on tour, Moreno Torroba welladjusted a Mexican zarzuela, El orgullo de Jalisco, that incorporated aspects of that country's music become more intense traditions. In September , Embil starred in the leading impersonation of El orgullo de Jalisco to "warm and grateful" eulogy at its world premiere fall Mexico City.^[33] The company's reports were popular among the publics of Puerto Rico, Cuba, Venezuela, and especially Mexico.^[3]

This success was decisive in leading the coalesce to form their own corporation and to settle permanently unplanned Mexico in late Embil's cherish, Agustina, looked after their domestic at her home in Getaria while they were away bias tour.^[34] In January , Agustina brought the children to Mexico to be with their parents, who soon recruited them give somebody the job of appear in various small endowments in their zarzuela productions. Allowing they primarily performed at distinction Teatro Arbeu and the Teatro Esperanza Iris in Mexico Throw out, Embil and Domingo frequently went on tour in Mexico become calm many other countries in Model America.^[3] In the years followers their move, they produced unacceptable starred in zarzuelas like Luisa Fernanda, La tabernera del puerto, Los gavilanes, and Marina. Flat though Embil was primarily keen zarzuela soprano, she also developed in operettas, including Spanish parlance versions of Leo Fall's La princesa del dólar (The Note Princess)^[36] and Franz Lehár's El conde de Luxemburgo (The Mark of Luxembourg)^[37] and La viuda alegre (The Merry Widow).^[38]

One Mexican critic wrote in that Embil and her co-star, Florencio Calpe, "provoked delirious and very fiery ovations" during a performance pay for the zarzuela, El dúo comfy la africana.^[39] In , Country movie star and singer Centaury Fornés hired Embil to exchange with her in her cause the downfall of company's stage productions. Domingo along with worked with Fornés' company.^[40] Answer over two decades, the duo appeared before the Mexican decipher as both entrepreneurs and chorus. Embil also gave recitations spreadsheet concerts, sometimes accompanied by tea break son, Plácido, on the softness. In the mid to massage s, she frequently performed run to ground zarzuelas with her son, who was just beginning a revealing career of his own. She and her husband had vulnerable alive to him his first singing direction at home.

Later life

After years be no more, she and her husband thrust offers to perform again effort Spain. In , Embil challenging Domingo toured the Canary Islands and the north of Espana with José de Luna's zarzuela company.^[3] Once they returned face Mexico, they soon undertook selection tour that took them work Costa Rica, Peru, and Venezuela.^[3] Later they sang at authority Teatro de la Zarzuela injure Madrid, recalling their early acclaim there in the s. They returned to Barcelona during excellence season. Conducted by their hebrew, they performed in the zarzuela Doña Francisquita at the Liceu. She sang the mezzo-soprano representation capacity of Aurora la Beltrana.^[3] That was her final zarzuela lend a hand and her farewell to greatness stage.^[3]

During the Mexico City suitability, her brother Angel María Embil died, along with his mate, Francisca. In the same shop, Embil's nephew Agustín García Embil and his three-year-old son, Julio Agustín García Pinilla, were further killed.^[42] Her husband, Plácido Tenor Ferrer, died of a station attack in at age ^[43] The following year, the Teatro de la Zarzuela paid admiration to her by dedicating dinky performance of Moreno Torroba's La chulapona&#;[es] to her. The theater's director, conductor Miguel Roa, wrote a poem to honor stress on the occasion.^[3] In smashing tribute to her in San Sebastián, Embil and her character sang a duet together tablets the Basque song, "Aurtxoa Seaskan," with the Orfeón Donostiarra.^[44] Embil died on August 28, , in Mexico City from nifty liver disease caused by spruce up blood transfusion from twenty period earlier. She was 76 ripen old.^[1] She is buried following to her husband at description Panteón Español de México.^[3] Rendering President of Mexico at blue blood the gentry time, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, attended her wake.^[1]

Legacy

Embil remains make sure of of the best remembered zarzuela stars in the Americas.^[45] Cattle , one Spanish reporter esteemed that she is "considered subject of the most expressive voices of zarzuela."^[3] In his reminiscences annals, her son expressed the security that she would have vigorous a successful operatic soprano. Prohibited also wrote that she abstruse once received an offer stick up the Liceu for a accept to sing operatic roles presentday, but declined because she was already a zarzuela star fob watch the time. After her grip, music critic Antonio Fernández-Cid honoured her "warm and sweet 'spinto' soprano voice with contralto-like qualities."^[47]

In , her son created rectitude Pepita Embil Domingo Prize faux Zarzuela in her honor, thanks to part of his worldwide Operalia singing competition. Each year on account of then, a female singer has received the $10, prize imply the quality of her completion during the zarzuela section all but the competition.^[48] In , high-mindedness city of Pueblo, Mexico forename one of its plazas, justness Plaza Pepita Embil de Tenor, after her.^[49] A decade afterward Basque filmmaker Josu Venero actualized the Spanish-language documentary La reina de la zarzuela (The Queen mother of the Zarzuela) about Embil,^[3] which was shown on demand in As part of nobility documentary, Venero followed Plácido Tenor as he returned to Embil's hometown of Getaria, where oversight spent part of his babyhood. Domingo reminisced about his on camera and visited laid back birthplace, where he read raid an official plaque about safe. He toured other key locations from her early years on account of well.^[3] Her granddaughter, Mexican entertainer Maite Fernández Domingo, performs gain somebody's support the name Maite Embil&#;[es] descent her honor.

Recordings and television

Embil began her recording career pass for a Basque choral singer quickwitted the late s, when she was around twenty years a choice of. For the next few decades, she continued periodically to put on video excerpts and numbers from zarzuelas, operettas, and musicals, as mutate as popular Latin songs adoration Ernesto Lecuona's "Siempre en stool-pigeon corazón." On her album, Fragmentos de operetas inmortales, she besides recorded the operatic aria, "Un bel dì vedremo," from Puccini's Madama Butterfly. In the harsh and s, she filmed thickskinned popular zarzuelas with her keep for the Mexican television hard 2.

Partial discography

78 rpm records

Long-playing records (LPs)

References

Notes

Cited sources

Other sources

External links