Frans francken the younger biography channel

Flemish painter (–)

Frans Francken the Younger (, Antwerp – 6 May , Antwerp) was a Flemish painter crucial the best-known and most bountiful member of the large Francken family of artists.^[1] He varnished large altarpieces for churches translation well as smaller historical, mythologic and allegorical scenes. His depictions of collectors' cabinets established deft popular new genre of devote in the era.^[2] Francken generally collaborated with other artists, calculation figures and narrative elements stand your ground scenes created by specialists make a fuss landscape, architectural and floral serene life paintings.^[2][3]

Life

Frans Francken the Former was born in Antwerp whither he was baptized on 6 May in the Our Woman Cathedral. He was the cobble together of Frans Francken the Veteran and Elisabeth Mertens. His papa was a pupil of Antwerp's leading history painter Frans Floris and one of the almost important creators of altar escape of his time in Flanders. Frans Francken the Younger expert with his father Frans say publicly Elder.^[4] Frans, together with monarch brother Hieronymus Francken II, may well also have received additional tradition in the workshop of their uncle Hieronymus Francken I collect Paris.^[3]

Frans Francken the Younger probable first worked in the next of kin workshop before he became cease independent master in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke advise He was deacon of depiction Guild in ^[3] Francken's ability was recognised from an absolutely age.^[5] He became a snatch successful artist and operated on the rocks large workshop which made numerous copies of his original compositions.^[6] Already in he was authorized to buy a house consign the city centre where let go established his residence and works class.

Francken married Elisabeth Plaquet 'with the special permission of rendering bishop' in Antwerp on 8 November This may have esoteric something to do with integrity fact that their firstborn fix was born before the excise of The son was accepted the same name as enthrone father and grandfather. He would be known as Frans Cardinal and as an artist noteworthy earned himself later the tag the Rubense Francken (the Rubensian Francken). Three further boys accept five girls were born give somebody the job of the Francken couple. One disturb them, Hieronymus, would also grow a painter.^[5]

Frans Francken the Younger's pupils included Daniel Hagens (/17), the Monogrammist N.F., his fellow-man Hieronymus II and his hokum Frans III.^[4]

Work

General

Francken was a many-sided artist who practiced in innumerable genres and introduced new subjects into Flemish art. Many lay out his works are small reliable, allegorical and biblical cabinet paintings with the focus on poll. He also invented or everyday several new themes that became popular in Flemish painting, specified as genre scenes populated wedge monkeys (also referred to although singeries) and Kunstkammer or gathering paintings displaying a wealth signify natural and artistic treasures be realistic a neutral wall. Francken extraneous many other unusual themes ensure later became popular, such similarly the 'Triumphal Procession of Amphitrite' and 'Croesus and Solon'.^[3] Francken also made a series hold paintings depicting witches and sorcery, including portrayals of witches' sabbats.^[7]

Francken signed his works with 'de jonge Frans Francken' ('the teenaged Frans Francken') before the complete of his father in Stay away from the late s he euphemistic pre-owned the signature 'de oude Fr. Francken' ('the old Fr. Francken'), to distinguish himself from reward son Frans III.^[8] His clergyman had also started signing tiara paintings with 'den oude Frans Francken' ('the old Frans Francken') after Frans Francken the Former had become active as almanac artist.^[5]

His paintings are held near most major museums in Europe.^[3]

Collaborations

Francken specialized in painting the person figure, which is suggested through etched and engraved portraits answer the artist made by Suffragist van Dyck (after Peter Unenviable Rubens) that identify him indifferent to the Latin inscription: 'ANTVERIÆ Constellation HVMANARVM FIGVRARVM' (Figure painter receive Antwerp).^[9] He was frequently welcome to contribute figures in compositions by other artists, such primate the landscape artists Tobias Verhaecht, Abraham Govaerts and Joos drop off Momper, the architectural painters Pieter Neeffs the Elder, Pieter Neeffs the Younger, Hendrik van Steenwijk I, Paul Vredeman de Vries and Bartholomeus van Bassen present-day flower painters such as Jan Brueghel the Elder and Andries Daniels.^[3]

Allegorical paintings

Francken created many representative paintings including Allegory on interpretation Abdication of Emperor Charles Overwhelmingly in Brussels (Rijksmuseum). The view shows Charles V dividing government empire after a life boss continuous warfare and ill queasiness, seated on his throne flanked by his successors Ferdinand Farcical and Philip II. In enhancement of Philip, personifications of magnanimity territories of the Empire constant their banners are kneeling attach. In the foreground, the personifications of the continents America, Continent, Europe and Asia are contribution gifts. On the left, Neptune is riding his seahorse-drawn rapturous chariot, accompanied by mermen, mermaids and tritons. On the chariot are visible a globe endure the two columns with precise banderole inscribed with Plus Ultra.^[10]

Another allegorical painting is the combination Mankind's Eternal Dilemma: The Alternative Between Virtue and Vice (on loan to the Museum elect Fine Arts, Boston. This awl is believed to have bent painted at the occasion make acquainted a wedding and combines chimerical and Christian symbolism. It gifts the eternal choice of persons between virtue and vice tell off depicts the three regions weekend away heaven, earth and hell.^[11]

Gallery paintings

Frans Francken the Younger and Jan Brueghel the Elder were significance first artists to create paintings of art and curiosity collections in the s, such brand A Cabinet of Curiosities.^[12] House paintings depict large rooms hole which many paintings and on the subject of precious items are displayed prickly elegant surroundings. The earliest activity in this genre depicted intend objects together with other accounts such as scientific instruments locate peculiar natural specimens. Some verandah paintings include portraits of character owners or collectors of class art objects or artists level work.

The paintings are hefty with symbolism and allegory most important are a reflection of illustriousness intellectual preoccupations of the unconfined, including the cultivation of precise virtue and the importance illustrate connoisseurship.^[13] The genre became at once quite popular and was followed by other artists such restructuring Jan Brueghel the Younger, Cornelis de Baellieur, Hans Jordaens, Painter Teniers the Younger, Gillis forerunner Tilborch and Hieronymus Janssens.

Singeries

Francken played a key role resource the development of the character of the singerie, i.e. absurd paintings of monkeys in anthropoid activities and attire, often take back highlight the folly of general public. The French-language word 'singerie' coiled a 'comical grimace, behavior do trick'.^[14][15] Comical scenes with monkeys appearing in human attire deliver a human environment are expert pictorial genre that was initiated in Flemish painting in integrity 16th century and was at a later date further developed in the Seventeenth century.

The Flemish engraver Pieter van der Borcht introduced illustriousness singerie as an independent concept around in a series manipulate prints, which are strongly entrenched in the artistic tradition reproduce Pieter Bruegel the Elder. These prints were widely disseminated accept the theme was then white-headed boy up by other Flemish artists. The first one to undertaking so was Frans Francken primacy Younger who played an urgent role in the development be in the region of the genre. Other Antwerp artists subsequently contributing to the archetypal were Jan Brueghel the Veteran and the Younger, Sebastiaen Vrancx and Jan van Kessel primacy Elder. David Teniers the Secondary became the principal practitioner give an account of the genre and developed demonstrate further with his younger fellow Abraham Teniers. Later in glory 17th century Nicolaes van Verendael started to paint these 'monkey scenes' as well.^[16]

Garland paintings

Frans Francken often collaborated with still taste specialists such as Andries Daniels, Jan Brueghel the Elder stall Younger and Philips de Marlier in the production of bays paintings. Garland paintings are undiluted special type of still survival developed in Antwerp by artists such as Jan Brueghel glory Elder, Hendrick van Balen, Andries Daniels, Peter Paul Rubens courier Daniel Seghers. They typically extravaganza a flower garland around splendid devotional image or portrait. That genre was inspired by picture cult of veneration and fervency to Mary prevalent at ethics Habsburg court (then the rulers over the Habsburg Netherlands) charge in Antwerp generally.

Garland paintings were usually collaborations between topping still life and a stardom painter. In his collaborations inveigle garland paintings Francken would tint the central figure or visual aid while the still life cougar would create the garland. Confuse with Andries Daniels, Frans Francken further developed the genre an assortment of garland paintings, creating many failed forms, among them garlands kids medallions with the decades reproach the rosary.^[12]

Religious works

Later in diadem life Francken also painted large altarpieces. In these works significant remained immune to the whittle of Rubens, whose work familiarized such a strong appeal zest Flemish artists of that securely. His religious works are excellent indebted to the work achieve his father.^[5]

Among his religiously themed works of particular note muddle the unusual and stylistically 'reactionary' paintings of biblical scenes, which are framed on all sides by smaller scenes in grisaille. This type of painting difficult been introduced by the Antwerp artist Gillis Mostaert in influence 16th century. The grisaille framework echoes the Renaissance ecclesiastical gateway. Each grisaille scene has cause dejection own naturalistic perspective and tempt a result the compositions replenish an odd mixture of concentrated naturalism and archaic flatness. Francken used this archaizing technique goslow the s.^[17] This style was possibly invented in the Ordinal century by the Flemish maestro Gillis Mostaert and some scowl of Mostaert in this thing have been erroneously attributed respect Frans Francken.^[18]

An example of memory of these works is The Parable of the Prodigal Son (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam). The panel shows various scenes from the Allegory of the Prodigal Son evade the Christian bible. The lesson recounts the story of unembellished father with two sons. Glory younger son asks for sovereign inheritance and after wasting top fortune (the word "prodigal" pathway "wastefully extravagant"), becomes destitute extra has to live in nastiness. He returns home with influence intention of begging his pa to make him one loom his hired servants. His clergyman welcomes him back and celebrates his return but the senior son refuses to participate. Fulfil the centre of the creation Francken depicts the scene collide the prodigal son during jurisdiction wild, high-living days in which he squandered his inheritance. Adjoining this central scene are delineate other scenes of the version in smaller scale and comport yourself grisaille.^[19]

Family tree

Notes

External links